Organization that pioneered manned space travel.
NASA during the years 1960-1970 was an engineering powerhouse capable of the extremely efficient conversion of research into engineered applications. This page studies the approaches to managing and engineering that were pioneered during this period.
The design error problem
One idea often cited for improving software reliability is to create a specification and then produce multiple software implementations satisfying that specification. Assuming the implementations fail independently, overall reliability should be improved as there will be fewer single failures that can compromise the whole system.
This strategy is called "N version programming" in the literature. Below are some references to studies in this area. The results give strong reasons to doubt that N version programming can deliver the promised reliability improvements.
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- computers in spaceflight: the nasa experience
- sp-4102 managing nasa in the apollo era
- sp-4206 stages to saturn
- sp-4306 engines and innovation
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